Incorporated in 1919, Manila Electric Company (MER) is engaged in the distribution and sale of electric energy through its distribution network facilities covering 50 franchise areas in Metro Manila and in six surrounding provinces. The principal sources of power of MER include the National Power Corporation, First Gas Power, Quezon Power Philippines, Wholesale Electricity Spot Market, Duracom, and Philippine Power Development Corporation. On October 20, 2008, the Energy Regulatory Commission granted MER a consolidated Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity for the operation of electric service within its franchise coverage, effective until June 28, 2028, to coincide with its congressional franchise. MER's subsidiaries are Corporate Information Solutions, Inc., Meralco Energy, Inc., e-Meralco Ventures, Inc., Asian Center for Energy Management, Meralco Financial Services Corporation, Republic Surety and Insurance Co., Lighthouse Overseas Insurance Company, Limited, Meralco Industrial Engineering Services Corporation, Clark Electric Distribution Corporation, and Rockwell Land Corporation. These companies are engaged in various businesses such as information systems and technology, insurance, engineering, construction and consulting services, real estate, and other electricity-related services. Source: SEC Form 17-A (2008)